The US and China compete for global leadership in technology
美中兩國正競逐全球科技領導地位
The technological rivalry between the United States and China has become the defining feature of 21st-century geopolitics.
美中之間的技術競爭已成為二十一世紀地緣政治的決定性特徵。
At the core of this struggle are sectors like semiconductors, artificial intelligence, and quantum computing.
這場鬥爭的核心在於半導體、人工智慧和量子運算等領域。
The U.S. has adopted a strategy of "de-risking," using the CHIPS and Science Act to boost domestic manufacturing and export controls to limit China's access to high-end tech.
美國採取了「去風險」策略，利用《晶片與科學法案》來提升國內製造業，並以出口管制來限制中國取得高階技術的管道。
Conversely, China emphasizes "self-reliance" through policies like "Made in China 2025," utilizing massive state subsidies to drive indigenous innovation.
相反地，中國則透過「中國製造2025」等政策強調「自力更生」，並利用大量國家補貼來推動本土創新。
Beyond invention, this is a battle over global rules, covering everything from 5G standards to internet governance.
除了發明之外，這更是一場關於全球規則的較量，涵蓋了從5G標準到網際網路治理的方方面面。
Experts warn of a potential "Splinternet," where the world splits into two separate technological ecosystems.
專家警告這可能會導致「分裂網」(Splinternet)的出現，意即世界將分裂為兩個獨立的技術生態系統。
While the U.S. relies on a market-driven model supported by government R&D, the Chinese approach uses "Civil-Military Fusion" to align private goals with national interests.
儘管美國依賴由政府研發支撐的市場驅動型模式，中國的方法則是運用「軍民融合」將私人目標與國家利益掛鉤。
