New shape-shifting material mimics octopus camouflage
新型變形材料模仿章魚偽裝術
In early 2026, researchers made a breakthrough by creating a 'soft photonic skin' that mimics the remarkable camouflage of octopuses.
在2026年初，研究人員取得了一項突破，創造出一種能模擬章魚卓越偽裝能力的「軟性光子皮膚」。
These cephalopods are masters of disguise, using specialized skin cells called [chromatophores|biological] to change color and muscular organs known as [papillae|biological] to alter their texture.
這些頭足類動物是偽裝大師，牠們利用稱為色素細胞（色ㄙㄜˋ素ㄙㄨˋ細ㄒㄧˋ胞ㄅㄠ）的專用皮膚細胞來改變顏色，並使用稱為乳突（ㄖㄨˇ突ㄊㄨˊ）的肌肉器官來改變紋理。
While earlier 2017 models relied on air-based pneumatic systems to create 3D shapes, the new material uses a [swellable polymer|technological] base.
雖然2017年的早期模型依賴氣動系統來產生3D形狀，但新材料使用了可膨脹聚合物（ㄐㄩˋㄏㄜˊㄨˋ）作為基底。
By employing a high-precision method called [electron-beam lithography|technological], scientists can program the material to swell at different rates, transforming a flat surface into a complex, rugged topography in seconds.
透過一種稱為電子束微影（ㄉㄧㄢˋㄗˇ束ㄕㄨˋ微ㄨㄟˊ影ㄧㄥˇ）的高精度方法，科學家可以對材料進行程式設計，使其以不同的速率膨脹，在幾秒鐘內將平坦表面轉變為複雜且凹凸不平的地形。
Additionally, the skin uses [Fabry-Pérot resonators|technological] to shift colors by reflecting different light wavelengths as the polymer changes size.
此外，這種皮膚利用法布-珀羅諧振器（法ㄈㄚˇ布ㄅㄨˋ-珀ㄆㄛˋ羅ㄌㄨㄛˊ諧ㄒㄧㄝˊ振ㄓㄣˋ器ㄑㄧˋ）透過在聚合物改變尺寸時反射不同波長的光線來轉換顏色。
This evolution from static materials to 4D printing holds immense promise for fields like adaptive camouflage, soft robotics, and advanced medical implants.
這種從靜態材料到4D列印的演進，為適應性偽裝、軟體機器人及先進醫療植入物等領域帶來了巨大的前景。
