在美國制裁下，中國科技巨頭轉向國產晶片
Chinese Tech Giants Shift to Domestic Chips Amid US Sanctions
受於美國日益嚴峻的制裁影響，中國科技巨頭們正在拋棄外國半導體，轉而擁抱國產替代品。
Due to increasing United States sanctions, Chinese technology giants are moving away from foreign semiconductors and embracing domestic alternatives.
這種常被描述為追求「科技主權」的策略，是對限制措施的直接回應，這些措施阻礙了中國獲取如Nvidia生產的高階晶片，以及來自ASML等公司的關鍵製造設備。
This strategy, often described as a pursuit of technological sovereignty, is a direct response to restrictions that block access to advanced chips like those produced by Nvidia and essential manufacturing tools from companies like ASML.
為了支持此一轉型，中國政府透過「大基金」注入了龐大資金以補貼本地研發與生產。
To support this transition, the Chinese government has funneled massive capital through the 'Big Fund' to subsidize local research and production.
阿里巴巴與騰訊等公司目前正在將華為的國產晶片整合進其人工智慧基礎設施中。
Companies such as Alibaba and Tencent are now integrating Huawei’s domestically produced chips into their artificial intelligence infrastructure.
儘管中國在跨越領先硬體技術差距方面仍面臨挑戰，但在成熟製程晶片的生產上已取得顯著進展，這些晶片對汽車與工業部門至關重要。
While China still faces challenges in bridging the technical gap for leading-edge hardware, it has made remarkable progress in the production of mature-node chips, which are critical for the automotive and industrial sectors.
透過限制對國際硬體的存取，這些政策無意中加速了中國半導體產業的成熟，將該國從一個主要消費國轉變為日益自力更生的硬體生產國。
By limiting access to international hardware, these policies have inadvertently accelerated the maturation of China’s own semiconductor industry, transforming the country from a major consumer into an increasingly self-reliant producer of hardware.
