Scientists use the James Webb Telescope to measure a massive, quiet black hole

Scientists use the James Webb Telescope to measure a massive, quiet black hole

Updated at: June 5, 2026 at 09:15 AM

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has reached a new milestone in space exploration.

nounJames Webb Space Telescope

Scientists recently measured the mass of a 'dormant' supermassive black hole located in the galaxy MRG-M0138, over 10 billion light-years away.

nounscientist
verbmeasure
adjectivedormant
noungalaxy

Unlike active black holes, known as quasars, which shine brightly while consuming gas, dormant black holes are completely invisible because they are currently inactive.

adjectivedormant
adjectiveinvisible

This behemoth is estimated to be 6 billion times the mass of the Sun, marking a record-breaking observation distance 15 times farther than previous efforts.

nounbehemoth

To achieve this, researchers utilized gravitational lensing—a 'cosmic magnifying glass' caused by a foreground galaxy cluster—to focus the infrared light.

noungravitational lensing
noungalaxy

By observing the speed of stars orbiting the center of MRG-M0138, scientists calculated the gravitational pull, revealing the black hole's immense size.

verborbit

Interestingly, this galaxy has stopped forming new stars, hinting at a deep connection between a black hole's activity and its host galaxy's life cycle.

noungalaxy
noungalaxy

This breakthrough helps astronomers map how black holes grew during the early universe, expanding our knowledge far beyond the local neighborhood.

nounastronomer
🎉

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Comprehension Questions

What makes the dormant black hole in MRG-M0138 different from a quasar?

Correct Choice

It does not emit light because it is not currently consuming material.

How did scientists determine the mass of the black hole despite it being invisible?

Correct Choice

They tracked the orbital motion of stars located near the galaxy's center.

What is the role of gravitational lensing in this discovery?

Correct Choice

It serves as a cosmic magnifying glass to magnify the distant galaxy's light.

Approximately how massive is the black hole found in MRG-M0138?

Correct Choice

6 billion times the mass of the Sun.

What does the state of the host galaxy, MRG-M0138, suggest about the black hole?

Correct Choice

There is a potential link between the black hole's activity and the evolution of the galaxy.

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